Cytology and Molecular Genetics - English
Content: 46 OHP Transparencies, format 22 x 28 cm, comprising approximately 142 color pictures, often with several component figures (drawings, diagrams, tables, anatomical pictures, photomicrographs, electron micrographs, autoradiographs, test data and results).

Cell nucleus and chromosomes. Living nuclei of Spirogyra, amoeba -Position of living nucleus in plant cells -Nucleus fixed and stained -Resting nucleus from Vicia -Lamp-brush chromosomes, from living Triturus ovum -Polytene giant chromosomes from living Chironomus -Spermatozoa with and without X-chromosomes -Arrangement and shape of nuclei in relation to function -Volumes of nuclei in relation to function -Volumes of the nuclei in relation to synthesis-effects -Shapes of nuclei in carcinoma without relations to functions -Multinucleated cells -Sizes of nuclei in animal cells -Polyploid nuclei of an insect -Polyploid sets of chromosomes in cultivated plants -Increase of nucleus surfaces -Nuclear membranes, nucleolus -Details of nuclear membrane, ribosomes, electron micrograph -Fibrillary construction of chromosomes, electron micrograph -Transformation of nuclei in spermatogenesis, electron micrograph -Mitosis: root tip of onion. All phases of mitosis -Mitosis: interphase and early prophase -Mitosis: prophase and early metaphase -Mitosis: metaphase and early anaphase -Mitosis: anaphase and telophase -Link of a chromosome with fragment -Centrioles, centrospheres and asters, spindles -Spindle apparatus and chromosomes, electron micrograph -Haploid and diploid sets of chromosomes in plants and animals -Human chromosomes in metaphase -Individuality of chromosomes I. Ascaris, male and female pronuclei -do. II. Ascaris, chromosomes and primary spindle of cleavage. -
Chromosomes and genes. Diagram of a chromosome -Gene action (puffs) in giant chromosomes -Giant chromosomes, stained for DNA and RNA -Heredity of two linked genes in Drosophila -Exchange of genes, interpretation on chromosomal range -Maps of gene loci in chromosomes of Drosophila -Meiosis: Testicles of guinea pig, t.s. spermatogenesis -Meiosis: Squash preparation showing meiotic stages -Meiosis: Microsporogenesis of Lilium. Leptotene -Meiosis: Zygotene -Meiosis: Pachytene -Meiosis: Diplotene -Meiosis: Diakinese -Meiosis: Metaphase in side view -Meiosis: Anaphase -Interdependence of cross-over and chiasmata -The occurence of cross-over: “breakages”, “curings” -Structure of genes: hybridation of mutants of T4 coli phages -Genes localization, aberrations of chromosomes -Mutations of chromosomes -Supernumerary chromosomes: karyotype of Down’s syndrome -Sex chromatin: Barr-bodies -Replication: macronucleus of Euplotes before division -Incorporation of radioactive labelled thymidine -Distribution of labelled thymidine by mitosis -Germ line and somatic cells; diminuition of chromosomes. -
Gene and molecule. Spezialized didactic guiding ideas: Relations between structure and function on a molecular level. Explanation of genetic observations by means of characteristics and reactions of molecules. Problematization of the results by illustration of the hypotheses, methods and experiments, which lead to the results. I. DNA as a Carrier of Hereditary Information -Transformation of bacterial cells -DNA in different cells -DNA in bacteriophages -Electron micrograph of T2-phages -Growth cycle of T2-phages -Transfer of DNA into human cells -II. Structure of DNA -Nucleotides and their constituents -Nucleotide composition of DNA -Hydrogen bonds between bases -Structure of the double helix -Electron micrograph of phage-DNA -Electron micrograph of bacterial DNA -III.
Replication of DNA -Hypotheses of replication -Prediction of the density of DNA after replication -Separation in a density gradient -Replication of DNA -Autoradiograph of a bacterial chromosome -IV. DNA and RNA -Differences between DNA and RNA -Fractionation of cellular extracts -Ability of the fractions to synthesize proteins -Function of ribosomes -Structure of a ribosome -Complexes of amino acid and tRNA -Specifity of tRNA -Cellular RNA -Experiments with synthetic mRNA -Electron micrograph of polysomes -Electron micrograph of RNA-phages -Gene for the coat protein of a RNA-phage -Replication, transcription and translation -V.
Genetic Code and Mutation -Colinearity of RNA and polypeptide sequences -Frameshift mutations -Binding test for trinucleotides -The genetic code -Relations between codon and anticodon -Start of protein synthesis -Start and stop signals -Mutation by single-base change -Nonsens mutation -VI.
Synthesis, Structure and Function of Proteins -Protein synthesis: the system -Protein synthesis: the ribosome -Helix structure of a polypeptide -Sheet structure of a polypeptide -Structure of b-globin -Normal and sickle red blood cells -Molecular explanation of sickle-cell anemia.

The notes are in English but the transparencies are in German.